Drug overdose deaths in the U.S. fell sharply in 2024 to their lowest level in five years, according to new estimates from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The agency reported about 80,400 deaths—a 27% drop from 2023, when the U.S. recorded roughly 30,000 more fatalities.
The drop was most notable among synthetic opioid deaths, particularly those involving fentanyl, which declined by 37% year-over-year. Despite the decrease, fentanyl remained the leading cause, contributing to 60% of all overdose deaths.
Deaths related to other substances also fell: psychostimulant deaths, such as those caused by methamphetamine, dropped by 21%, while cocaine-related fatalities decreased by 28%.
Experts attribute this positive trend to a mix of long-term public health initiatives, improved treatment access, and increased public dissatisfaction with the current illicit drug supply—especially due to the rise of substances like xylazine, which cause severe side effects. Researchers argue that many drug users are reaching a turning point and are more open to seeking help.
However, this progress could be jeopardized. The federal government’s proposed 2026 budget includes significant cuts to key agencies, including the CDC’s Injury Center and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). These agencies provide crucial support for local harm reduction efforts, including naloxone distribution, data collection, and treatment services.
Local officials warn that losing this support could unravel hard-won gains. In places like Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, federal grants have enabled innovative programs such as naloxone vending machines and real-time overdose data dashboards. These are now at risk.
While the Trump administration has renewed the opioid public health emergency and laid out a strategy combining treatment and enforcement, its budget proposals raise concerns among health professionals and advocates. Critics argue that underfunding harm reduction efforts—despite their proven impact—could lead to a resurgence in overdose deaths.
The CDC stressed the importance of “sustained funding” to keep the momentum going. Although the numbers are improving, drug overdose remains the leading cause of death for Americans aged 18 to 44.
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